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春运五大风险，公安部预警！******

　　公安部预警2023年春运五大风险

　　随着疫情防控措施调整转段，预计今年春运跨区域流动性将加速释放，春运客流总量可能出现大幅增长，局部地区、重点时段人流、车辆、物流高度集中，交通安全风险加大。公安部研判2023年春运交通安全形势，发出交通安全提示。

　　公安部综合出行需求、客货运量、气象预报、疫情形势等情况分析，2023年春运道路交通安全面临自驾小客车肇事、干线公路混行、农村地区群死群伤、酒驾醉驾、雨雾冰雪影响等五方面主要风险。

　　近两年春运期间小客车肇事死亡占比超过一半，导致的较大事故占比近七成。今年群众旅游探亲、返乡返岗的出行方式向自驾、小规模组团拼车出行转换的特点将更为明显，小客车肇事风险上升。

　　临近春节，能源、粮食、医疗、民生等物资运输需求旺盛，预计干线公路交通流量将持续增长、高位运行，大客车、大货车、危化品运输车、小客车等各类车型混合通行程度升高，交通拥堵和事故风险凸显。2022年春运期间高速公路死亡同比上升16.5%，今年干线公路交通事故风险有增无减。

　　外出务工人员大量返乡，加之春节期间农村地区赶集庙会、走亲访友、红白喜事等出行活动频繁，农村地区路况复杂，货车、拖拉机、三轮车违法载人、面包车超员载客等违法行为发生几率增大，易导致群死群伤交通事故。近两年春运期间，农村地区交通事故死亡人数、较大交通事故起数均占六成。

　　春运期间道路交通繁忙，交通违法肇事多发易发。近两年春运期间，交通肇事主要原因是未礼让行人、超速行驶、无证驾驶、酒驾醉驾、机动车未让优先方通行，其中，一次死亡3人、5人以上事故中，酒驾醉驾均是首要肇事原因。

　　此外，近期受大雾团雾、雨雪冰冻等恶劣天气影响引发的交通事故多发，高速公路及长下坡、桥梁隧道、急弯陡坡等重点路段交通安全风险隐患突出，极易导致车辆追尾、侧滑、侧翻。

　　公安部提示，自驾出行，应提前了解交通路况、天气预报和交通安全提示，合理安排出行路线和出行时间，尽量错峰出行。出行前应仔细检查车辆维护保养状况，准备好必要的生活和防疫物资，应谨慎评估自身健康状况，未排除感染风险前或出现发热等症状时，倡导暂缓出行。驾车时要集中精力，不分心驾驶，不疲劳驾驶，不超速行驶，驾乘车辆要全程全员系好安全带。谨记“开车不喝酒、喝酒不开车”，切勿酒后驾驶。

　　行经高速公路，要保持安全车距，遇拥堵、缓行路段，切勿随意穿插，切勿占用应急车道，如发生交通事故、车辆故障，牢记“车靠边、人撤离、即报警”，避免发生二次事故。恶劣天气条件下出行，要严格遵守“降速、控距、亮尾”措施，通过急弯陡坡、积雪结冰路段，要提前降低车速，不急打方向、急踩刹车，防止车辆失控侧滑侧翻。

　　乘坐客运车辆出行，要到正规客运场站，切勿乘坐非法营运客车；农村地区乘车出行要乘坐安全性能良好的私家车或正规的客运班线，不要搭乘轻型货车、三轮车、拖拉机等非载客车辆，不要乘坐超员车辆。

中新网评：处理核污水绝不是日本自家私事******

　　中新网北京1月19日电(蒋鲤)日本政府近日称，将于2023年春夏期间开始向海洋排放经过处理的福岛第一核电站核污水。日本罔顾国内民众及周边国家的屡屡反对，企图将核污水“一倒了之”，把一件关乎全球海洋生态环境和公众健康的事当成了自家私事。

资料图：日本福岛第一核电站。

　　2011年，福岛核电站事故发生后，大量放射性物质泄漏到大气层和太平洋，对周围环境造成了难以逆转的伤害，数十万人被迫撤离该地区。时至今日，作为日本邻国之一的韩国仍未解除福岛海鲜禁令。

　　日本以核污水存储能力即将达到上限为由，在2021年4月13日，正式决定将福岛第一核电站核污水排入太平洋。过去一年多，日本政府和东京电力公司一直在持续推进核污水排海计划。

　　日本政府辩称，这些核污水经多核素处理系统(ALPS)处理后很安全，甚至“可以喝”，这样的表态无疑在愚弄大众。

　　事实上，经过处理的核污水仍含有多种放射性物质，核污水一旦排放入海就无法回收，长期来看，将会给海洋生态带来难以估量的潜在威胁，最终危害人类健康。

　　因此，核污水排海计划推出后，遭到日本民众强烈反对。日本《朝日新闻》2022年3月公布的问卷调查显示，福岛县、宫城县和岩手县受访的42个市町村长中，约六成反对东京电力公司福岛第一核电站核污水排放入海。日本全国渔业协会联合会也多次申明立场，反对该计划。

　　日本政府认为，核污水排海是最便宜、最省事的解决方案，但此举却将周边国家乃至全世界置于核污染风险中。太平洋非日本一家之海，核污水会随着洋流流动，其影响势必会跨越国界，危害周边国家乃至整个国际社会的公共福祉和利益。

　　《韩国经济新闻》发文称，相关研究认为，福岛核污水如果排放入海，约7个月后将到达济州等韩国海域，该国水产业和旅游业将遭受相当大的损失。

　　德国南极海洋机构也曾发出警告，若日本将所有核污水排入海中，不到半年，整个太平洋都将面临高度辐射威胁，包括远在大洋另一端的美国。太平洋地区人民更是对日本该计划持反对意见。

　　日本作为《联合国海洋法公约》缔约国，有义务保护海洋环境。然而，在核污水排海方案的正当性、核污水数据的可靠性、净化装置的有效性、环境影响的不确定性等问题上，日本未能作出科学、可信的说明。

　　国际原子能机构技术工作组虽已三次赴日实地考察评估，但尚未就日排海方案的安全性给出结论，并且对日本提出诸多澄清要求和整改意见。在此情况下，日本仍执意推进核污水排海工程建设，这是极不负责任的行为。

　　太平洋不是日本的下水道，日本必须正视各方合理关切，在与周边国家等相关利益方和国际原子能机构充分协商后，制定合理的核污水处理方案。日本也要着眼长远，若只顾眼前，执意将核污水排放入海，不仅其自身，周边国家乃至全世界都将为之买单，其后果必将会危害数代人。

　　Fukushima water disposal by no means Japan’s own business

　　By John Lee

　　(ECNS) -- Japan has announced it will release treated wastewater from the wrecked Fukushima Daiichi Nuclear Power Plant into the Pacific Ocean this year.

　　Although Fukushima wastewater disposal affects global marine ecological environment protection and public health, Japan has turned a deaf ear to domestic and international opposition to dumping the contaminated water into the sea, treating the "global" matter as its own business.

　　The Fukushima accident in 2011 had sent large quantities of radiation into the atmosphere and the Pacific Ocean, causing irreversible damage to the surrounding environment, and hundreds of thousands of people were forced to evacuate the area. South Korea still maintains its import ban on Japanese seafood from areas affected by the Fukushima nuclear disaster.

　　On April 13, 2021, Japan announced it had decided to discharge contaminated radioactive wastewater in Fukushima Prefecture into the sea due to dwindling storage space, with the Japanese government and plant operator Tokyo Electric Power Company Holdings Inc. promoting the release plan over the past year.

　　The Japanese government argues that the water treated by an advanced liquid processing system, or ALPS, is safe and drinkable, which is undoubtedly fooling the public.

　　In fact, the treated wastewater still includes a variety of radioactive substances and can’t be recycled once discharged into the sea, which will pose a great threat to marine ecology and ultimately endanger human health in the long run.

　　Therefore, the discharge plan has been strongly opposed in Japan. According to a questionnaire conducted by The Asahi Shimbun, nearly 60 percent of mayors of 42 municipalities in Iwate, Miyagi and Fukushima prefectures oppose the discharge plan. The National Fisheries Cooperative Federation of Japan has also repeatedly stated its opposition in public.

　　The Japanese government believes that dumping Fukushima wastewater into the sea is the cheapest and most convenient solution, but neighboring countries and even the whole world will be at risk of nuclear pollution.

　　The Pacific Ocean doesn’t belong to Japan and the wastewater flow along oceanic currents will surely break boundaries and endanger public welfare and the interests of neighboring countries and even the international community.

　　The Korea Economic Daily reported that related research concluded that if contaminated water from Fukushima is released into the ocean, it would only take seven months for the contaminated water to reach the shores of Jeju Island, with the country's aquaculture and tourism suffering considerable losses.

　　According to the calculation of a German marine scientific research institute, radioactive materials will spread to most of the Pacific Ocean within half a year from the date of discharge, and the U.S. and Canada will be affected by nuclear pollution. People in the Pacific region also oppose the discharge plan.

　　As a participant of the United Nations Convention on the Law of the Sea, Japan has the obligation of protecting the marine environment.

　　However, it hasn’t offered a full and convincing explanation on issues like the legitimacy of the discharge plan, the reliability of data on the nuclear-contaminated water, the efficacy of the treatment system or the uncertainty of environmental impact.

　　Though the IAEA has yet to complete a comprehensive review after three investigations in Japan, the Japanese side has been pushing through the approval process for its discharge plan and even started building facilities for the discharge. It is rather irresponsible for Japan to act against public opinion at home and concerns abroad.

　　The Pacific Ocean is not a private Japanese sewer. The country must seriously heed the voices of the international community and make a reasonable plan for the Fukushima wastewater disposal after full consultation with stakeholders and international agencies.

　　If it only seeks instant interest and insists on discharging the contaminated water into the sea, not only itself, but also its neighboring countries and the entire world will pay for the decision and several generations will be forced to bear the consequence.